#4 / 2019

Based on the analysis of the main theories of representatives of institutionalism about the sphere of activity of institutions, the article defines the role and importance of institutional factors in the development of the region's economy. The functions associated with the action of these factors are formulated, and the goals and objectives of the region's economic development determined by institutional factors are identified. In accordance with the interests of the subjects, the expected effects are identified depending on the institutional nature of the subject, that is, for various types of business, private households, and state and municipal authorities. The systematization of the effects of institutional factors allows us to determine the direction and boundaries of indicators of economic development in the region. The obtained quantitative and qualitative characteristics will provide an opportunity to determine the degree of influence of institutional factors on the development of the economic system of the region as a whole.

17-24.pdf

(141 Kb)

A characteristic feature of social development in the twenty-first century is the tendency to gradually move away from the factor concept of economic growth to a more advanced concept of its development with the emphasis on the role of man (as an exclusive subject of economic activity) with its social goals. Experts note that the tools used for economic diagnostics of development factors no longer meet the modern requirements of sustainable socio-ecological and economic development and slow down the use of effective applied socio-economic research. In the special literature, the processes of regional development and forecasting of the regional economic system are quite actively studied, including those related to socialization and humanization of social development, which is reflected in the concepts of “human capital” and “Schumpeterian” economic growth. At the same time, one can also note the presence of many diverse interpretations of the very concept and factors of social development, problems of their comprehensive diagnosis, etc. In the current realities, the problem of developing the organizational and economic mechanism for managing the socio-economic potential of the region aimed at reducing unemployment in depressed republics of the North Caucasus, to identify imbalances, etc.

25-31.pdf

(134 Kb)

The article analyzes the theoretical aspects of the formation of the role of social entrepreneurship in the socio-economic development of the region; the essence of social entrepreneurship is defined as a tool for solving social problems; explored the basic elements of social entrepreneurship; The main advantages of social entrepreneurship are identified, which are manifested in the possibility of using new, unique tools that provide a solution to problems at the expense of their own income until there is a need for it. It is proved that it is the regional authorities that play a key role in building a stable and effective connection between business and society in solving the social problems of the territory on the principles of voluntariness and mutual benefit. The article studies the features of intra-industry and inter-industry integration as a tool for the development of social entrepreneurship; proposals have been formulated to improve instruments for stimulating the development of agricultural cooperation as an instrument of social entrepreneurship in the Stavropol Territory.

32-40.pdf

(158 Kb)

The article reveals the organizational and economic aspects of implementing the investment policy of the problem region of modern Russia. The key problems of the implementation of investment policy, as well as factors to improve the efficiency of investment processes in the Republic of Adygea are identified. The strategic directions and tasks of improving the investment policy of the Republic of Adygea are disclosed. The key tools for implementing the investment policy of the Republic of Adygea are substantiated, which contribute to increasing entrepreneurial activity, increasing the competitiveness of the region.

41-52.pdf

(478 Kb)

The dynamics of GRP as the main macroeconomic indicator characterizing the volume of production volumes in a local territory is influenced by many factors, one of which is the amount of investment in fixed assets. The growth of investment in fixed assets leads to an increase in GRP, and the dynamics of GRP, in return, has an impact on investment flows at the regional level. The problem is that official statistics are often late, reflecting data on the dynamics of GRP with significant lags, and the multiplier and accelerator of investments are outside the sphere of Rosstat's interests. The purpose of the article is to assess the impact of investments on the dynamics of GRP using the case of the Central Federal District. The author proceeds from the existence of a direct statistically significant relationship between the growth rate of investment in fixed assets and the dynamics of GRP. Determine the change in the level of GRP for the subjects of the Central Federal District in the long time interval, putting them on the dynamics of investment in fixed assets, it is possible, therefore, to establish the presence (absence) of the correlation between the studied parameters. At the second stage of the study, the value of the investment multiplier for individual regions of the Central Federal District is calculated. As a result of the study, it was found that in most subjects of the Central Federal District there is a (statistically significant) direct relationship between the value of investments in fixed assets and GRP, and the investment multiplier for the respective regions is calculated.

53-59.pdf

(386 Kb)

The attempt to assess the level of connectedness and integration within the Krasnodar city agglomeration settlements, as well as to identify trends of the territory socio-economic development in key sectors of the economy and social sphere was made. The study of the Krasnodar agglomeration development degree was based on a general scientific methodology, that includes the use of quantitative and qualitative assessment methods, the application of the rates method based on the allocation of normative values and the comparison of the results with the normative ones. The study of the Krasnodar agglomeration integration degree and the identification of key problems of its functioning allow us to determine strategic priorities of the territory development in the future and can be used in the process of the Krasnodar agglomeration socio-economic development Strategy formulation.

60-68.pdf

(397 Kb)

The article considers the state of small business in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The increase in business activity of small and medium-sized businesses was revealed. The main obstacles to the development of small business in the region are: difficulty in accessing external financing; outdated equipment and technologies or their lack of productivity; inadequate training of specialists and lack of qualified personnel. The main directions of innovative entrepreneurship in the region, promising state programs for the development of small businesses in the KBR, for example, such as: the development of a network of support infrastructure of SMEs aimed at the formation of a service model of SME support; the creation and operation of a single management body of SME support infrastructure organizations; information support for entrepreneurs and promotion of entrepreneurship; the development of youth entrepreneurship; expansion of financial support for SMEs; expansion of educational support for SMEs, etc.And also the article shows the amount of funding to support small innovative entrepreneurship.

69-74.pdf

(123 Kb)

The article notes that a well-designed innovation and investment development strategy is currently the main factor ensuring the progress of the country and its individual regions. According to the authors, in order to develop a well-thought-out and well-grounded regional development strategy, it is necessary to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the region's economic development. For this purpose, the article conducts a SWOT-analysis of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as a result of which factors are identified that must be taken into account when forming the KBR development strategy. It is concluded that the region has a sufficiently large potential for realizing its capabilities and preventing threats. Strengths such as: rich natural resources, unique natural and recreational potential; good ecology; the presence of favorable soil and climatic conditions that contribute to the creation of modern agricultural production with deep processing of its products, etc. The region has a fairly developed transport infrastructure, a developed telecommunication multiservice network. According to the authors, when forming the development strategy of the KBR, it is necessary to take into account the influence of these factors. It is necessary to focus on the development of recreational resources, agriculture and industry by attracting investment in the economy of the region and increasing the income level of the population. It is also necessary to upgrade fixed assets, etc. The article proposes the structure of the strategy of innovative development of the region. The tasks of operational and strategic planning are outlined.

75-82.pdf

(300 Kb)

The article considers the theoretical aspects of state regulation of state property management, the main problems and risks of using instruments of state regulation of state property management. The main forms and methods of managing state property are analyzed. The main goals of managing state property are defined: the formation of a system of interconnection of state property with other forms of ownership regarding the use of management mechanisms; use of the project approach to state property management; ensuring the effective impact of state ownership on objects of other forms of ownership; the formation of sustainable prerequisites for the activation of regional production and economic development. The article studies the features of state property management in the Stavropol Territory, identifies areas for improving the tools of state regulation of state property management in the region and develops proposals to improve the efficiency of using state regulation tools for managing state property in the Stavropol Territory.

83-90.pdf

(282 Kb)

The article discusses the most significant areas of increasing the efficiency of multifunctional centers, manifested in the creation of legal, economic and methodological support for the provision of state and municipal services; Studied the main indicators of efficiency and effectiveness in assessing the activities of multifunctional centers, studied the problems of improving the quality of services provided in a multifunctional center at the regional level, developed a mechanism for managing the center, which helps to improve the quality of services and optimize the activities of multifunctional centers (MFC). As part of the study, a survey was conducted among employees of MFC, which made it possible to identify the most important criteria when performing state or municipal services. During the analysis of activities to provide state and municipal services, the article identified the main areas that need to be adjusted and changed; groups of factors are identified that directly affect the efficiency and quality of the services provided and are conditionally divided into external and internal.

91-99.pdf

(155 Kb)

Economy of Agrarian-Industrial Complex

It is obvious that another economic crisis and the sanctions of the Western powers against Russia have a negative impact on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. In this context, the importance of innovation and investment activities of economic entities of the agro-industrial complex increases. Implementation of innovative projects allows mobilizing all resources to deal with the problem of import substitution of basic food products, to increase the competitiveness of enterprises and ensure increased demand for innovative products. All this, undoubtedly, indicates the necessity to adjust the innovation and investment policy, its consonance with the trends and dynamics of the components of both internal and external environment. Definitly, the developed mechanism of strategic management of innovative processes should involve a set of tools of the innovation system, and, first of all, a set of interrelated components focused on the creation, implementation and consumption of innovative products and should be commercially profitable. The article analyzes the main interconnected tools of the organizational and economic mechanism for the strategic management of innovation and investment activities of the agro-industrial complex of the republics of the North-Caucasian Federal District. These tools contribute to the implementation of various functions of management entities in the development and informed adoption of effective management decisions to promote an innovative product, taking into account the characteristics of agricultural production. It is concluded that the skillful use of the features of the strategic management system for innovation and investment activities of diversified agricultural enterprises will allow them to quickly adapt to new management requirements, improve the quality of management decisions aimed at solving import substitution problems and providing the domestic market with competitive and affordable food products.

The article reveals the organizational and economic aspects of the program-targeted regulation of the agro-industrial complex of the problem region of Russia. The contents and specifics of targeted, departmental programs of state support for the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Adygea are revealed in the context of the implementation of the policy of import substitution and the development of export-oriented industries in the region. Particular attention is paid to the composition of the state program of the Republic of Adygea “Development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets for 2013-2020”, the assessment of the achievement of the planned values of the summary indicators of the program. The main problems of program-targeted regulation of the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Adygea are identified, which reduce the level of its effectiveness and strategic orientation. Key directions, organizational and economic measures to improve the system of program-targeted regulation of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Adygea are disclosed.

116-127.pdf

(618 Kb)

The systemic updating of the agro-industrial complex is the basis for ensuring the sustainability of economic growth, a key factor in shaping the country's food security. All this, of course, requires shifting the emphasis of the ongoing transformations to the field of constructing favorable conditions for creating optimal institutional and innovative structures. The article notes that in order to organize strategic management of innovation and investment processes, it is necessary to develop a rational model based on a set of interrelated elements and subsystems, a systematic approach to management functions from the position of obtaining a commercial effect from the implementation of an investment project. As a fundamental approach to planning management of innovation and investment processes in the agro-industrial complex, the authors consider a system-functional approach that allows you to determine a strategy for its development at all hierarchical levels, based on given goals and objectives. The authors note that skillful strategic planning allows you to increase the competitive advantages of the enterprise through the timely and rational allocation of resources, determining production capabilities and their cost, forecasting cash flows, identifying internal reserves, etc.

128-133.pdf

(119 Kb)

The Theory and Practice of Business

Against the background of the ongoing crisis, there is a need to create favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. This article discusses the tools of state regulation and support for small and medium-sized businesses, formulates suggestions to improve the conditions for the development of this sector, provides the dynamics of small and medium-sized enterprises. Criteria are given for classifying enterprises as small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation and OECD countries, and statistics on the number of SMEs per 100 people in Russia and abroad are presented. The share of small and medium enterprises in the gross domestic product of various countries, including the Russian Federation, is analyzed. The performance indicators of small and medium enterprises for the period from 2016 to 2018 are investigated.

146-152.pdf

(223 Kb)

Management

At the beginning of the XXI century, leadership acquires a number of fundamentally new qualities and approaches that distinguish it from the traditional ones that have developed in management practice during the previous period. It is more characterized by such progressive features as reducing the value of the official position, demonstrating empathy and openness in organizational and managerial communications, forming highly productive teams, cooperation and partnership, and addressing the humanistic component of organizational relations. This article describes the basics of interaction between the leader and the team: five main stages of team development are identified (“storm”, normalization, performance and dissolution), while describing the optimal behavior of the leader at each stage, as well as ways to prevent conflicts. Transformational leadership is described as a form of leadership focused on changing or correcting the views and behavior of followers.

153-160.pdf

(289 Kb)

The increased attention to the problem of leadership is currently determined by the increasing role of the human factor in management, the complexity of the management process and its dependence on personal factors and values, both of the leader himself and the entire group headed by him, which determines the scientific and practical interest in the personal qualities of the leader , his image and charisma. This article discusses various approaches to the concept of a leader’s image: the structure of the components that form the leader’s image is given; Key leadership archetypes are highlighted. It is shown that the most important element in forming the image of a leader is his charisma as a set of special talents and qualities that emphasize the exceptional personality of the leader, evoke admiration and respect from others and provide a special attitude to its owner.

161-167.pdf

(400 Kb)

ECONOMY OF THE REAL ESTATE

The article considers the problem of the lack of a sufficient amount of reliable data for conducting a qualitative analysis of the real estate market in determining the cadastral and market value. The issues of relevance of market data and the need for its constant monitoring using information systems are raised. Estimated zoning of the territory of the city of Krasnodar has been carried out, an analysis of the real estate market for the proposed zones has been carried out, and pricing factors have been identified that affect the cadastral and market value of real estate in the educated territories: the presence of various types of educational institutions, trade facilities, healthcare, certain types of public transport and the number available routes. In order to improve the quality of the analysis, it is proposed to create an information system for monitoring the real estate market, based on the estimated zoning of the territory, using GIS technologies.

177-184.pdf

(407 Kb)

World Economy

The article is devoted to the implementation of the strategy of sustainable social and economic development at the national and supranational levels of the European Union in terms of a combination of factors affecting these processes. These factors are represented by a multilevel system of different in strength and direction of action of its elements. For example, the development of the transport system takes place under the conditions of a certain economic and geographical location of the territory, in combination with factors of state and corporate governance, creates conditions for economic, social and environmental sustainability. Reflected applied mechanisms and individual tools to use the potential of existing incentives and overcome barriers. The main difficulties of such development and ways to overcome them are revealed using the example of the transport system. Reflected applied mechanisms and individual tools to use the potential of existing incentives and overcome barriers. The main vectors of sustainable development in this area are the development of a unified transport network, the transition from personal to public transport, the redistribution of freight and passenger flows to more environmentally friendly modes of transport. A major role in solving these problems is played by the implementation of an intersectoral approach to strategic management. At the same time, a number of difficulties faced by the European Union are being overcome in formulating tariff policies, reducing the administrative burden, creating infrastructure, applying modern digital technologies, and harmonizing pan-European and national legislation.

199-205.pdf

(155 Kb)

DIGITAL ECONOMY

The article considers the use of digital technologies in state and municipal government to improve the level and quality of life of the population. The results of a study of the impact of changes in socio-economic factors determining the quality of life of the population are presented. It is proposed to conduct a study using digital technologies of cognitive modeling, allowing to obtain new knowledge about the structure and behavior of a complex socio-economic system at any level. The main stages of cognitive modeling, illustrated by the results of a computational experiment, are presented. A cognitive map has been developed as a system of relations between social, economic, environmental and other factors affecting the quality of life of the city’s population. A model study and scenario modeling of the development of situations in the complex system under study were carried out to scientifically predict the possibilities for improving the quality of life of the population, as well as to justify the necessary management decisions.

134-145.pdf

(854 Kb)

PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

The article considers the process of effective use and development of labor potential as a system of competencies. The basic methods of scientific cognition: dialectical logic, methods of scientific abstraction, as well as a systematic approach to the studied phenomena served as the basis of the research. Defined the relationship of the concepts of qualification and competence. In accordance with International quality standards, the priority competencies of the personnel of the hotel industry organizations are allocated. The author proposes a process model for the efficient use and development of labor potential as a system of competence consisting of the steps. Assessment of the labor potential of the company's personnel is not an end in itself, but is a necessity for further determining the degree of compliance of the existing labor potential, in size and structure, with the requirements of the enterprise. That is, whether it is optimal for these conditions of operation of the enterprise, or requires more efficient use. At the heart of the process of bridging the competence gap is the process of effective use of the labor potential of employees and the enterprise as a whole. Currently, there is a need for continuous education, that is, constant updating and deepening of knowledge throughout the period of professional activity for continuous improvement of the competence system, which will allow for the stable development of the labor potential of the personnel of the hotel industry in order to increase the competitiveness of the industry and the efficiency of its activities.

168-176.pdf

(413 Kb)

INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY

For investors and manufacturers, the aspect of understanding, consumer preferences, and awareness of the state of the confectionery market, its shares, among the leading manufacturers of confectionery products, both domestic and foreign, is very important. The possession of such information will contribute to a promising direction for the successful functioning and development of the production of confectionery products among various participants in the Russian market. The authors conducted an analysis of the confectionery market of the Russian Federation in the period from 2012-2017. It was concluded that the relatively stable post-crisis economic situation in the confectionery market, as well as the favorable condition of the raw material base, form the prerequisites for further growth in domestic production of confectionery.

100-108.pdf

(345 Kb)

Recreation and Tourism

Currently, tourism is one of the most important and rapidly developing industries in the economies of the regions of the South of Russia, capable of satisfying the needs of people and increasing the quality of their lives. At the same time, the regional characteristics of this industry have a growing influence on the dynamics of tourism development in these regions. Their identification and systematization for the subsequent development of guidelines for effective use in the management of the tourism industry is an important scientific and practical task.

185-190.pdf

(212 Kb)

The global, including Russian, tourism market is growing rapidly, due to the introduction of digital technologies in this area. Digital technologies are also becoming the main focus of the strategy for the development of culture and tourism in the cities of the future, contributing to the integration of tourists into the urban environment and allowing them to plan their own travel. The article analyzes the data that characterize the development of digital technologies in the tourism sector, and highlights the trends in this direction. The introduction of technologies contributes to the development of independent tourism, which is becoming more and more popular every year.

191-198.pdf

(340 Kb)