#2 / 2015

One of the main aims of state macroeconomic policy is to achieve a high level of employment. The economic system, that creates additional jobs, sets the task to increase the number of social product, and, consequently, meets the material needs of the population. The workforce system works without reaching the limits of its productive capacity in condition of incomplete use of available resources. The paper reveals the facts that unemployment causes great harm to the vital interests of the people. It prevents them from revealing their abilities in the activity in which people can express them, or depriving them of such a possibility. Therefore, people suffer serious psychological stress. The author draws a conclusion that unemployment rate is the key indicator determining the general state of the economy and its effectiveness assessment.

15-19.pdf

(74 Kb)

The paper discloses the new opportunities of fictitious capital at the present stage of development. It reveals the interaction of real and fictitious capital in the economic system as a process that determines the competitiveness in the conditions of competition and global integration. The authors substantiate the necessity of generating fictitious capital for investment proposal formation at various levels of economy. The conceptual view of fictitious capital economy can be used to reveal the status of economic system subject as well as to support the new functions of management and structural components of economic policy.

20-24.pdf

(74 Kb)

Financial Markets

The main and fundamental purpose of the Federal Treasury functioning is a cash service of budgets execution of the Russian Federation. Acting as the chief cashier of the country means funds management on the budget accounts. However, public financial resources require high liquidity insurance. These requirements put before the Federal Treasury the task of ensuring of positive balance in the single treasury account and its proper use.

240-244.pdf

(76 Kb)

Problems Related to Investment Activity

The paper deals with the conceptual bases for the investment attractiveness assessment of tourist and recreational complex. It has developed evaluation status of tourist and recreational complex investment attractiveness. This status includes a control process that takes into account the interrelationship and interdependence of internal and external factors and indicators of investment attractiveness of tourist and recreational complex. The authors clarify the notion of investment attractiveness of tourist and recreational complex as a significant value. It is characterized by the ability of investment capital to generate income with an acceptable level of risk.

235-239.pdf

(71 Kb)

Regional Economy

The paper analyzes the essence of regional stability. It represents the analysis of the main methodological approaches to the process of its level quantifying. The author offers to assess this form of stability only from the perspective of the intersection of three fields of regional development — economic, social and environmental. The scientific article reveals the author’s approach to the assessment of the level of regional stability on this level. It is being tested on an example of the Ingush socio-ecological-economic system.

66-73.pdf

(331 Kb)

This scientific article describes the wide-system and specific principles of formation and development of the regional energy infrastructure. It determines the essence and content of each principle as well as the possibility of using in the contemporary socio-economic conditions of the Tajikistan Republic. The paper examines the correlation with the proposed principles of international and national programs, treaties and agreements in the field of energy. The authors consider preconditions of energy infrastructure development in the region based on the application of the developed principles.

74-81.pdf

(192 Kb)

The paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages that emerged in the implementation of the National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2015. It identifies the main reasons for the partial lack of implementation strategies. The author determines strengths and weaknesses in strategy affecting the process of its implementation. He offers proposals for the protection of national interests of Tajikistan aimed at the formation of the economic security strategy of Tajikistan.

82-89.pdf

(90 Kb)

The scientific article examines the main development limit-factors of the regional economies of the South of Russia, leading to changes in the parameters of the environment and depletion of resources of the previous model of growth. The authors pay their attention to the factors connected with external constraints. The slowdown, market positions worsening of Russian regional economies after the global recession have not been even. Limit-factors emerged in the evolutionary process of areas, act different ways in different regions. Southern Russia’s economy shows a different reaction to the same environmental factors. Located here regional economies have considerably different potentials of resistance to alterations and competitiveness, which involves the development of differentiated scenarios adapt to rapid and profound changes in the environment. The paper substantiates the necessity to take into account the ability to transform a number of limit-factors to support economic growth.

90-96.pdf

(86 Kb)

The scientific article discloses new elements of the concept «competitiveness of the regional economic system». It highlights the fundamental factors of regional economies competitiveness. The paper reveals main reproductive scenario interaction of regional economies with vertically integrated corporations (VICs), determining their competitiveness level. The author offers a generalized representation of the regional economic system competitiveness and the VIC economic system (competitive analysis model) in the form of a certain spatial configuration of a set of competitiveness interrelated indicators.

97-103.pdf

(82 Kb)

One of the main problems of Russia’s economic development is to ensure the sustainable development of the industry, enabling to meet the needs of the population best, to ensure competitive positioning of the country in the world as well as to conserve the environment. The global financial and economic crisis has significantly decreased energy consumption and reduced their prices in foreign markets. It reduced both industrial productions in Russia and investment activity. This was a clear demonstration of instability, inability to export of raw materials model prevailing in the industry in Russia in the transition period to confront the destabilizing factors. The paper pays its attention to objective need for deep theoretical understanding, methodological substantiation and practical realization of the transition to sustainable development as a new type of economic growth based on qualitative changes and innovations.

104-107.pdf

(69 Kb)

The paper considers economic space clustering which is believed to be one of the most effective forms of integration of the subjects of the regional economy by science and practice. The authors pay their special attention to incremental of development effectiveness in regional social and economic systems based on clustering as well as improvement of state incentive efficiency. The scientific article studies also the creation and further development of industrial clusters and adaptation of models to specific region economic conditions.

108-114.pdf

(205 Kb)

The scientific article examines the reproduction functions in the regional economies of depressive type, which prevail in the South of Russia and carry a high risk. These systems are in need of a deep and multi-staged conversion technology, institutional arrangements, institutions, human factor. The authors pay their particular attention to dysfunction of regional economic systems of a depressive type, due to their nature and poorly developed in the modern scientific literature (dysfunction of systematic and consistent disintegration, which is expressed in a line on economic isolation, dysfunction of economic desolation). The paper reveals features of these dysfunction manifestations, the main directions of their correction in the implementation of the modernization at the meso-level.

115-119.pdf

(72 Kb)

The effective functioning of the regional food market is essential to ensure people in the region a full range of food products and to maintain the necessary level of food security. Accession of the Russian Federation into the WTO and domestic economy development slowing in recent years significantly complicated the task of ensuring regional food security. The authors substantiate that it has a negative effect on the food security of the country as a whole. The paper draws a conclusion that the authorities of subjects of the federation should develop and adopt appropriate measures for the effective management of development on the regional food market in these circumstances.

120-124.pdf

(75 Kb)

The Account, Audit and the Control

This paper presents the concept of an optimal information set for effective due diligence in Russia. It describes the author’s approach to the definition of expertise functions with capital transactions cleanliness. The author offers a checklist while carrying out due diligence. The need for the development of methodological support of capital transactions within the framework of the principles of actuarial accounting concept for the Russian professional practice (in the field of accounting, auditing, taxation, finance and law) determines the relevance of topics discussed in the scientific article.

125-134.pdf

(164 Kb)

The paper considers the existing problems in accounting system of the Republic of Angola. It reveals the banking system analysis in Angola, as a driving force of national economy and the accounting development in the country. The author presents a critical analysis of the possibility of current system accounting reforming for all credit institutions and commercial structures. The scientific article gives the analysis of international financial reporting standards and their application on the territory of the Republic of Angola.

135-139.pdf

(155 Kb)

Nowadays there is a prevailing opinion that it is not permissible to create reserve for fixed assets repair in publications. This position has some grounds. They are based on the changes made to the regulations on accounting in connection with adoption of the new PBU 8/10 edition. However, there are circumstances that can justify the need in formation of the repair fund. The paper presents the arguments in possibility of establishing a reserve. They are based on the analysis of regulations PBU 8/10 and IAS 37 and the accounting principles.

140-148.pdf

(96 Kb)

The scientific article reviews and analyzes the main issues connected with the problems of analytical accounting, tax and legal aspects of the contractual relationship of economic entities managing. The purpose of the paper is to structure and focus the reader’s attention on those aspects of each of our positions, which are the most important for service organization management. The authors propose a set of methods contributing to the formation of a systematic approach to the methodology of the economic and legal analysis and organization of accounting in the contract obligation on the basis of analysis of the existing theoretical and practical methods and ways to manage the contractual relationship.

149-153.pdf

(86 Kb)

The main hypothesis of this paper is to show the importance of the new IFRS 15, «Revenue from contracts with customers» and IFRS (IFRIC) 12 «Concession Arrangements of Service Providing» on the mechanism of accounting recognition of revenue of construction companies. It discloses the understanding of accounting standards that can influence the changes in the contracts policy. The author reveals the contents of one of the types of contracts — service concession arrangements (CASP) in construction activity. They are designed not only for the construction of infrastructure, but also for the services providing of these facilities operation for a long period of time.

154-162.pdf

(94 Kb)

Economy of Agrarian-Industrial Complex

The paper considers the problems of big forms of management, the desirability and feasibility of outsourcing model of business organization application based on agro-economy of the Krasnodar Territory. The author offers the concept of outsourcing relationships in the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Territory. The scientific article reveals the advantages of this form of management to improve the efficiency of big agroindustrial groups in conditions of competition in the agricultural sector.

163-169.pdf

(191 Kb)

The scientific article discusses the prospects of development of inter-branch cooperation of economic entities on the basis of territorial agricultural and industrial enterprise integration. It discloses functional features of vertically integrated corporations (VIC), the possibility of the VIC structural modernization in the economic processes of the Russian agricultural sector. The paper reveals characteristics of commercial calculation that are the bases of the regulation of inter-economic cooperation in the framework of agroindustrial VIC. The author pays his particular attention to both the methods of calculation of transfer (settlement) prices and the profitability planning of intermediate products in vertically integrated agro-industrial structures. He examines the main problems of organization of inter-branch relations in the exchange and distribution of agro-industrial VIC.

170-178.pdf

(115 Kb)

Service Economy

This paper analyzes the key role of information technology in the transformation of the education services market organization. It shows the process of the formation of educational environment as the basis for the development of the power market model of higher education services. The author substantiates the concept of formation of the «distributed university» on the basis of a gradual transformation of the higher educational institution with an extensive affiliate network into a network institution of higher education.

201-207.pdf

(211 Kb)

The article discusses a number of issues related to functioning and financial provision of the most significant institutions of science, education and culture that have status of chief manager of budgetary funds The need to adjust the regulatory framework in order to address the problems arising in the process of provision of these institutions with subsidies is concluded. The necessity to unify the approach to the formation of the state task and implementation of functions of the founder in relation to these institutionы is justified.

208-212.pdf

(73 Kb)

The paper presents the transformation processes of consumer services in Russia as well as in the Rostov Region. It gives a statistical analysis of the personal services of individual regions and also the general state of the Southern Federal District. The scientific article provides monitoring of the development of consumer services types in the Rostov Region. It differentiates the towns of Rostov Region by the number of objects, occupied sites and quantity of consumer services points. The paper considers a document of strategic importance for the economic development of the region. The author draws a conclusion about summarizing assessment of the current market of household services in the region according to the results of the research.

213-221.pdf

(239 Kb)

Social Economy

The article considers features of regional housing and communal services as a difficult probabilistic system which specifics are realized in the difficult system of interrelations between the enterprises of housing and communal services, the population, local authorities accompanied by a set of contradiction of interests. Identification of the properties and characteristics of housing and communal services is of great importance, as they influence the performance of all components of the system ofhousing and communal servicesand on the quality of public services. The specifics of the operation of the modern system of housing and communal services necessitates identifying and organizing features that allow to manage a number of factors for its development.

179-185.pdf

(85 Kb)

The main task of the state policy in the housing sector is the creation and implementation of mechanisms and ways to increase the boundaries of affordability of housing for different categories of citizens. The Federal target program «Housing» is the way to solve this problem. The paper presents the results of evaluation of performance indicators implementation of activities of the federal target program «Housing» for the period of 2011 —2015. The authors represent evaluations of proposals aimed at improving the efficiency of implementation of the activities of the federal target program «Housing» and its constituent sub-programs.

186-195.pdf

(102 Kb)

The paper considers the way of practical solutions of integrated economic entities social responsibility. It represents a new scientific idea of accounting treatment of capitalization and financial market commitment of social responsibility. It combines the solution of two problems — the filling of the domestic financial market and the insurance of social responsibility system, created by the process of integration of economic agents. The author suggests basic activities of state economic policy for the specialized sector development of the financial market for the treatment of capitalized corporate of social responsibility obligations. The scientific article gives a comparison of practical method solution to the problem of social responsibility of economic integrated participants with alternative methods offered by economic publications.

196-200.pdf

(122 Kb)

Management

The paper studies the impact of cluster initiative aimed at further development stimulating of cluster localization areas. It showed a high economic, social and environmental performance of the project activities in propulsive metallurgical industry of the Krasnodar region which is not a traditional industrial region. Structural modernization of the regional economy and the emergence of new economic activity in the region contribute to the resistance to the crisis manifestations and provide a significant impulse to the development of related with the cluster industries. The author presents the analytical and diagnostic circuit providing information requests of main stakeholders for implementing cluster initiatives as part of an authorized institution, characterized by differentiation of procedures, depending on the users targets and life-cycle stages of the cluster.

222-230.pdf

(96 Kb)

The paper considers the problem of reducing the flow of migration within the boundaries of the urban area in the conditions of intensive expansion of megacities. One of the ways of solving this problem is a shift in urban planning from mono-centric to polycentric scheme of the urban area organization. The authors substantiate that the creation of a megacity within the boundaries of several centers, with a full set of city life, accommodation, public services, work, social activities, will significantly change the technology of municipal economy, reduce passenger traffic, and increase the level of comfort for the population.

231-234.pdf

(69 Kb)

Economics history

The paper considers the results of deep study of the first saved synthetic balance forming procedure. The indices analysis of notebook calculations, entries in the accounting records of double entry show that the considered inventory accounting system combined figures inventories and double entries. The financial result was not calculated in the accounts of double entry and comparison of income and expenditure but by subtracting from the sum of «all that we have to be given» the amount «of all that we should have». Balance generalization used in the calculations did not perform any control functions. This approach does not correspond to the formal features of double-entry bookkeeping.

25-34.pdf

(612 Kb)

The paper researches the nature of equity in the companies Francesco Datini in Barcelona. It was noted that equity in the usual concept of the day was out. Equity took into account the ongoing capital investment in the form of cash and inventories as well as the seizure of property on the discretion of the owners. They did not distribute profits until the closure of the company, but placed it in the balance and joined the capital account in the new accounting functions.

35-51.pdf

(4 Mb)

It is well-known that Ledger Company of Farolfi in Provence is the earliest accounting system conducted according to the rules of double-entry (1299-1300). Unfortunately, all the other books of accounts of the accounting cycle are lost. Ledger accounts of the preceding and subsequent cycles are also not available. There are only references to these registers in the records. The general ledger has lost more than half of the pages, and they in its turn, are not sewn in the order, which was in the days of Amatino Manucci, the partner who led the book. The task of research, carried out by the scientific school of Professor Michael Kuter, is to identify each stored page of the book through the application of cross-references and logical- analytical modeling. It will help to arrange virtually digital copies of pages in the order that was used in the Middle Ages. The author substantiates that actual implementation of the task created the necessary conditions for deep studies of that scientific heritage.

52-65.pdf

(2 Mb)